سامانه همایش های دانشگاه جیرفت

صفحه اصلی / سومین همایش بین المللی و چهارمین همایش ملی کشاورزی، محیط زیست و امنیت غذایی

Emerging and Re-emerging Zoonotic Diseases: Transmission Dynamics, Public Health Impact, and Control Strategies

نویسندگان :

Hosein Yousefi¹

1- دانشگاه تهران مرکزی

کلمات کلیدی :

Zoonotic Diseases،Emerging Diseases،Transmission Dynamics،Public Health،Control Strategies

چکیده :

Emerging and re-emerging zoonotic diseases, accounting for over 60% of infectious diseases globally, pose significant threats to human, animal, and ecosystem health. This review analyzes the transmission mechanisms, public health impacts, and control strategies for zoonotic diseases by synthesizing recent literature from 2020 to 2024. Factors such as urbanization, climate change, and human-wildlife interactions have increased the frequency of zoonotic spillovers, with diseases like COVID-19, Ebola, and Zika emerging from animal reservoirs. Advances in diagnostic technologies, including PCR, next-generation sequencing, and CRISPR-based methods, have enhanced early pathogen detection, aiding in timely responses to outbreaks. The development of mRNA vaccines and genetically modified vector control methods, like engineered mosquitoes, has significantly improved preventive strategies. Public health initiatives integrating human, animal, and environmental health (One Health approach) have strengthened surveillance and risk management, especially in regions with high human-wildlife interactions. The study highlights the growing threat posed by antimicrobial resistance, complicating disease management. It concludes that future research should focus on improving diagnostics, surveillance, vaccines, and treatments to mitigate zoonotic risks. Collaboration across disciplines and global investment in public health infrastructure are critical for addressing the evolving threat of zoonotic diseases and preparing for future outbreaks.